compuetrs generations

 Computer generations are periods characterized by advancements in technology, impacting size, speed, cost, and functionality. They are typically divided into five main phases: First Gene

ration (vacuum tubes), Second Generation (transistors), Third Generation (integrated circuits), Fourth Generation (microprocessors), and Fifth Generation (artificial intelligence). 

1. First Generation (1940s-1950s):

• Technology: Vacuum tubes were used as switching elements.
Characteristics: Large, bulky, expensive, unreliable, slow, used machine language.
Examples: ENIAC, UNIVAC. 

2. Second Generation (1950s-1960s):

Technology: Transistors replaced vacuum tubes.
Characteristics: Smaller, faster, more reliable, cheaper, and less energy-intensive than first-generation computers.
Examples: UNIVAC II, IBM 704. 

3. Third Generation (1960s-1970s):

Technology: Integrated circuits (ICs) or chips were introduced.
Characteristics: Significantly smaller, faster, and more powerful than second-generation computers.
Examples: IBM System/360. 
thైూహబ,